Abudefduf abdominalis – Green Damselfish
The Green Damselfish or Abudefduf abdominalus belongs to the family Pomacentridae. The species Abudefduf abdominalis was first described by Quoy & Gaimard in 1825.
The genus name “Abudefduf” is derived from the Arabic word “abu,” meaning “father.” This refers to the fish’s role as leader of the reef against other species. The species name “abdominalis” means “abdomen” or “belly” and probably refers to the often yellow belly of this species.
Description
The Green Damselfish has a greenish-white color with five black stripes that reach about halfway down the body. The fish’s belly may develop subtle yellow stripes, and the stripes may lengthen or shorten depending on conditions. The ground color may also lighten or darken, especially during spawning and nest guarding. This species of fish can reach a maximum length of about 30 centimeters, but they usually remain smaller.
Sexual Dimorphism
Male Green Damselfish exhibit specific color changes during reproduction and nest guarding. They can take on dark or light steel blue colors, sometimes with pale yellow stripes, to attract a female. During aggressive interactions or defending the nest, males may also intensify or change their colors.
Differences between Juveniles and Adults
Juveniles are yellowish between the stripes and are common in tidal pools, while adults are more greenish-white with black stripes.
Behavior
Abudefduf abdominalis are often seen in schools high above the coral reef feeding on plankton, usually over a specific area of the reef where they shelter and breed. When disturbed, they dive down as one in search of cover. Soon they rise again to continue feeding. In bright sunlight they feed almost at the surface, while in cloudy conditions they remain slightly deeper.
Character
These fish are known for their aggressive behavior, especially the males that defend their nests from intruders. They are very territorial and may attack other fish that come too close to their nest. Despite their aggressive nature, they often form schools and can occur in large numbers.
Biotope
These are benthopelagic fish, meaning they can swim near the bottom as well as in midwaters. Adults are usually found in calm waters with rocky bottoms in coastal and offshore reefs at depths of 1 to 50 meters.
They occur in the Pacific Ocean near the Midway Islands, Hawaii and south to Polynesia.
Diet
In the wild, Green Damselfish mainly feed on plankton, algae and other small organisms. In an aquarium, they should be fed a varied diet that includes algae, zooplankton, fish larvae and commercial fish food.
The Aquarium
An aquarium of at least 10,000 liters is recommended for keeping Abudefduf abdominalis. This is because this species of fish can grow quite large (up to 30 cm) and is an active swimmer that needs a lot of space. This species is therefore not suitable for the normal living room aquarium.
Tank mates
Abudefduf abdominalis are known for their aggressive behavior, especially against other fish species. That is why it is important to keep them together with other robust and larger species. Consider certain species of triggerfish, angelfish and larger wrasses. Avoid keeping small, peaceful fish that can be easily intimidated or injured.
Video
Author
John de Lange
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