Nymphoides aquatica – Banana Plant
Nymphoides aquatica was first described by J.F. Gmelin in 1791 and later by Kuntze in 1891. Its common name is Banana Plant or Banana Lily. Sometimes it is commonly called the Big Floating Heart, a name that refers to its large, floating leaves. This plant belongs to the family Menyanthaceae. The genus name Nymphoides indicates its resemblance to water lilies (Nymphaea), while the species name aquatica means “water plant.”
Synonyms: Limnanthemum aquaticum, Trachysperma aquaticum, Villarsia aquatica.
Description
Nymphoides aquatica is an aquatic plant characterized by its heart-shaped leaves. In bright light, the upper side of the leaves appears bright green, but in lower light, it may turn light green or yellowish. The underside of the leaves can range from dark purple to light green or yellowish, depending on the light intensity. This plant develops banana-like roots that store nutrients. It typically reaches a maximum height of about 15 cm, but under ideal conditions, it can grow up to 45 cm. Nymphoides aquatica produces small, white flowers with five petals that float on the water’s surface. Flowering is influenced by environmental conditions, occurring more frequently when there is optimal light and the addition of CO2.
Biotope
In its natural habitat, this plant is found in the southeastern United States, ranging from Texas to Maryland and including states like Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and Virginia. It typically grows in calm, slow-moving rivers and lakes, with a soil composition of mud.
The Aquarium
The ideal water conditions for Nymphoides aquatica in an aquarium are as follows: a temperature range of 15-28°C, a pH level between 6.5 and 7.5, and a KH (carbonate hardness) of 5-12. This plant can be kept floating, but if you choose this method, it is essential to provide liquid plant food. When planting, ensure that the largest root is buried in the substrate no more than one-third of its length to prevent rotting. Additionally, it’s recommended to fertilize the soil, particularly if using a gravel or sand substrate.
The plant benefits from CO2 addition for better growth. It requires a significant amount of light for optimal growth, though it can still grow in normal lighting. Adequate light is crucial for healthy growth and flowering.
Propagation
Nymphoides aquatica can be propagated by separating the natural shoots or by dividing the rhizome.
Particularities
Nymphoides aquatica is classified as an endangered species in Maryland. This plant can grow either floating on the water’s surface or rooted in the soil. During the winter and in low-light conditions, it produces submerged leaves instead of floating ones. The plant gets its name from its banana-shaped roots.
Conclusion
This aquarium plant is relatively easy to maintain, as long as its light and nutrient needs are met. One of its striking features is its banana-like roots. To promote optimal growth and flowering, it’s advisable to provide sufficient light and consider adding CO2. Regular water changes and the addition of nutrients will also enhance the plant’s health and growth. Additionally, be careful not to plant the roots too deeply to avoid rot.
Author
John de Lange
Copyright images
Damien Rockwood – CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Dennis A. Amith – CC BY-NC 2.0
Eleanor – CC BY-NC 2.0
